The SEC's Crypto Custody Proposal: What Advisers, Funds and Trust Companies Need From Their Auditor
SEC proposed crypto custody rules explained: who Rule 223-1 covers, the SOC 1 Type 2 and surprise exam requirements, and what advisers must do before Dec. 7.
ADGM Proof of Reserves Requirements: A Guide for Crypto Custodians
ADGM proof of reserves rules for crypto custodians: FSRA weekly reconciliations, the Safe Custody Auditor's Report, and who can verify your reserves.
VARA Proof of Reserves Requirements: A Guide for Dubai VASPs
Understand VARA proof of reserves requirements for Dubai VASPs, including 100% backing, daily reconciliations, audit frequency, and licensing rules.
Are Stablecoins Cash Equivalents? Inside FASB's 2026 Proposed ASU
FASB's proposed ASU sets three tests for stablecoins as cash equivalents: on-demand redemption, a direct issuer right, and 1:1 short-term reserves.
SEC Regulation Crypto Assets: Reporting & Audit Guide
The SEC's proposed Regulation Crypto Assets lets token projects raise up to $75M — but it triggers new reporting and audit rules. What crypto CFOs should know
Proof of Reserves for Tokenized Stocks: A CPA Attestation Guide
Tokenized stocks are one of the fastest growing tokenization segments, and almost none of the issuers publish a reserve report. We break down native versus wrapped stock tokens, the five ways a 1:1 backed token still ends up under-reserved, and what a credible CPA attestation needs to cover.
Solving Lightning's Timestamp Problem: How OpenTimestamps Can Strengthen Channel Balance Verification
Lightning Network commitment transactions lack independently verifiable timestamps, creating a structural evidence gap for Proof of Reserves engagements. OpenTimestamps, a free, Bitcoin-native protocol, can anchor channel state data to a specific block, giving auditors a hard temporal proof without relying on management-controlled node records. Here's how practitioners can build it into their methodology.
Social Engineering Is Now Crypto's Biggest Threat — What the AICPA Stablecoin Criteria Mean for Internal Controls
The Bybit and Resolv hacks prove code isn't the vulnerability — people are. TNF breaks down how the AICPA's 2025 stablecoin criteria address key management and social engineering risks.
Crypto ETF Reserve Attestations: Beyond the Real-Time Wallet Balance
TNF's CPAs breaks down the asset-side complexities in real-time crypto ETF reserve attestations — staking, lending, redemptions, and network events that a wallet balance check alone won't capture.
Understanding Your 1099-DA
The 1099-DA is the IRS’s new information reporting form for digital asset activity, and starting in tax year 2025 most U.S. crypto exchanges and brokers must report their customers’ crypto trades on it. This FAQ explains what the 1099-DA is, why you received one from your exchange, what data it includes (and what’s still missing), and how it connects to Form 8949, Schedule D, and your overall crypto tax filing.
Crypto Accounting Firm vs. Traditional CPA: What Digital Asset Companies Actually Need
Digital asset companies face accounting challenges traditional CPA firms simply aren’t built to handle. From on-chain data reconciliation to complex regulatory guidance like the GENIUS Act and IRS Revenue Procedure 2024‑28, crypto finance introduces layers of complexity beyond standard debits and credits. A crypto accounting firm specializes in navigating these nuances, offering expertise in blockchain data, proof of reserves, and digital asset tax compliance, while traditional firms often lack the technology and regulatory depth digital asset companies need.
In this guide, we break down the key differences between a crypto accounting firm vs. a traditional CPA, highlight the warning signs you’ve outgrown your generalist firm, and share what to look for when choosing a crypto‑native accounting partner that can scale with your business.
Where Smart Contracts End and Proof of Reserves Begins
Smart contracts bring transparency to how stablecoins operate and reveal on-chain token supply, minting, and burning logic. But while they show how tokens move, they can’t prove what backs them. That’s where Proof of Reserves comes in. A Proof of Reserves audit independently validates the real-world assets behind stablecoins, confirming reserve existence, ownership, and reconciliation against circulating supply. Together, smart contracts and Proof of Reserves form a complete trust framework for stablecoin assurance, merging on-chain transparency with off-chain verification. Learn how combining both drives stronger compliance, credibility, and confidence in digital assets.
Non-Circulating Token ‘Treasury’ Wallets in Stablecoin Setups: Purpose, Pros, and Cons
Non-circulating treasury wallets are a critical but often misunderstood part of stablecoin architecture. They allow issuers to manage supply more effectively, but without proper disclosure, they can raise questions about reserve backing and transparency. Learn how these wallets function, their pros and cons, and why they’re essential to accurate stablecoin audits and Proof of Reserve attestations.
Common Pitfalls for Stablecoin Proof of Reserves Audits
Proof of Reserves audits are essential for stablecoin transparency, but even experienced issuers face recurring pitfalls that can impact reliability and trust. Learn the five most common challenges in stablecoin Proof of Reserves audits and how to strengthen reporting accuracy, reconciliation processes, and cross-chain oversight.
Bitcoin Mining Partnerships: Structuring for Success, Tax Efficiency & Long-Term Gains
Bitcoin mining partnerships can unlock powerful tax benefits but only with the right structure, planning, and tracking from day one. This guide breaks down LLC defaults, capital accounts, basis, distributions, and financial modeling so founders, investors, and CPAs can minimize surprises and maximize long-term Bitcoin-denominated returns.
Bitcoin Mining Tax Strategy: How to Maximize Your 2026 Deductions
Maximize bitcoin mining deductions with our CPA guide to hardware depreciation, Section 179 expensing, hosting fees, and IRS-compliant strategies for miners
How Startups Can Win in the Tokenized RWA Boom: A Playbook for Crypto Innovators
Startups can seize the explosive growth of tokenized RWAs (real-world assets) by mastering the 3Ds Playbook: Distribution, Distinction, and Disclosure. As major U.S. policy moves and institutional players accelerate the market—projected to top $15 trillion—crypto startups that build strong distribution partnerships, offer unique or yield-bearing real-world asset tokens, and provide transparent, auditable disclosures can outmaneuver giants and win trust in the new era of digital asset finance
GENIUS Act Stablecoin Law Explained: The Compliance Countdown Has Begun
The GENIUS Act introduces major regulatory changes for U.S. stablecoin issuers. Learn what it means, who qualifies, and how to stay compliant by 2026.
Accounting Today Recognizes The Network Firm as a Top Technology Firm for 2025
The Network Firm has been named a Top 10 2025 Best Firm for Technology by Accounting Today.
What is a Crypto Accounting Firm? What They Do & Why They Matter
Crypto accounting firms specialize in digital asset financial management, compliance, and auditing. Learn how they help businesses navigate crypto regulations, optimize tax strategies, and maintain transparent financial records